Meari
← Vocabulary

Endings & grammar

Attach to a verb or adjective to set meaning and tone

-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다

almost did (but didn't)

하마터면 넘어질 뻔했어요.— I almost fell.

지갑 잃어버릴 뻔했어.— I nearly lost my wallet.

-아/어 버리다

to do completely (with regret or relief)

다 먹어 버렸어요.— I ate it all up.

그냥 말해 버려.— Just say it and get it over with.

-아/어 놓다

to do in advance and leave it

미리 예약해 놓았습니다.— I've made a reservation in advance.

밥 해 놨으니까 먹어.— I've cooked, so help yourself.

-아/어 지다

to become

날씨가 많이 따뜻해졌어요.— The weather has gotten much warmer.

얼굴이 빨개졌네.— Your face has turned red.

-게 되다

to end up doing

한국에서 일하게 되었습니다.— I ended up working in Korea.

어쩌다 보니 그렇게 됐어.— It just turned out that way.

-(으)ㄴ 지

it has been (time) since

한국에 온 지 삼 년 됐어요.— It's been three years since I came to Korea.

밥 먹은 지 얼마 안 됐어.— I ate not long ago.

-(으)ㄴ 다음에

after doing

일 끝난 다음에 만나요.— Let's meet after work.

씻은 다음에 자.— Wash up and then go to bed.

-자마자[t͡ɕa̠ma̠d͡ʑa̠]

as soon as

집에 도착하자마자 연락드릴게요.— I'll contact you as soon as I get home.

눕자마자 잠들었어.— I fell asleep the moment I lay down.

-는 동안

while; during

제가 없는 동안 잘 부탁드립니다.— Please take care of things while I'm away.

기다리는 동안 커피 마셨어.— I had coffee while waiting.

-(으)ㄹ수록

the more ~, the more ~

보면 볼수록 마음에 들어요.— The more I look at it, the more I like it.

많이 쓸수록 늘어.— The more you use it, the better you get.

-(으)ㄴ/는 대로

just as; as soon as

도착하는 대로 연락드리겠습니다.— I'll contact you as soon as I arrive.

네 마음대로 해.— Do as you like.

-는 중이다

to be in the middle of

지금 회의 중이에요.— I'm in a meeting right now.

가는 중이야.— I'm on my way.

-(으)ㄹ 만하다

worth doing; decent enough

그 영화 한번 볼 만해요.— That movie is worth a watch.

먹을 만하네.— It's decent enough to eat.

-(으)ㄴ 채로

while still in that state

신발을 신은 채로 들어오시면 안 됩니다.— Please don't come in with your shoes on.

불 켠 채로 잤어.— I fell asleep with the light on.

-느라고[nɯɾa̠ɡo̞]

because I was busy doing

일하느라고 전화를 못 받았어요.— I was working, so I missed your call.

자느라 못 들었어.— I was asleep, so I didn't hear it.

-던

that used to be; that was left unfinished

여기가 제가 다니던 학교예요.— This is the school I used to attend.

먹던 거 마저 먹어.— Finish what you were eating.

-더라[tʌ̹ɾa̠]

reports what you experienced firsthand

거기 음식이 참 맛있더라고요.— The food there was really good.

생각보다 춥더라.— It was colder than I expected.

-(느)ㄴ다고 하다

they say that (indirect quotation)

내일 비가 온다고 합니다.— They say it will rain tomorrow.

안 온대.— He says he's not coming.

-(으)라고 하다

told (someone) to do

과장님이 다시 하라고 하셨어요.— The manager told me to redo it.

엄마가 일찍 오래.— Mom told me to come home early.

-아/어야겠다

I'd better; I should

이제 슬슬 일어나야겠어요.— I should get going now.

병원에 가 봐야겠다.— I'd better see a doctor.

-(으)ㄹ 테니까

I'll do it, so…

제가 준비할 테니까 걱정 마세요.— I'll take care of it, so don't worry.

내가 갈 테니까 기다려.— I'll come, so wait for me.

-는 바람에

because of (something unexpected)

차가 막히는 바람에 늦었습니다.— I was late because of the traffic.

깜빡하는 바람에 못 챙겼어.— I forgot, so I didn't bring it.

-기는 하다

it is ~, but…

좋기는 한데 좀 비싸네요.— It's nice, but a bit expensive.

가긴 갈게.— I will go, but still…

-(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다

I should have (regret)

미리 예약할 걸 그랬어요.— I should have booked in advance.

우산 가져올 걸.— I should've brought an umbrella.

-(으)ㄴ/는 줄 알았다

I thought (mistakenly) that

오늘 쉬는 줄 알았어요.— I thought we were off today.

네가 온 줄 알았어.— I thought you had arrived.

-나 보다[na̠ po̞da̠]

it seems (from what I can see)

밖에 비가 오나 봐요.— It looks like it's raining outside.

많이 바쁜가 보네.— You seem really busy.

-(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라

not only ~ but also

값이 쌀 뿐만 아니라 품질도 좋아요.— Not only is it cheap, the quality is good too.

일도 잘할 뿐 아니라 성격도 좋아.— He's good at his job and easy to get along with.

-기도 하다

sometimes does; also is

가끔 집에서 요리하기도 해요.— I sometimes cook at home.

무섭기도 하고 신기하기도 했어.— It was scary and fascinating at once.

-아/어 가지고

and then; because (spoken)

돈이 없어 가지고 못 샀어요.— I had no money, so I couldn't buy it.

이거 사 가지고 갈게.— I'll buy this and bring it over.

-(으)면 좋겠다

I wish; it would be nice if

빨리 나으셨으면 좋겠어요.— I hope you get well soon.

돈이 많았으면 좋겠다.— I wish I had a lot of money.

-군요

Oh, I see / so it is ... (fresh realization)

여기 생각보다 훨씬 넓군요.— This place is much bigger than I thought.

아, 그래서 오늘 길이 막혔군.— Ah, so that's why the traffic was bad today.

-더군요

I found that ... (past first-hand observation)

어제 가 보니까 사람이 정말 많더군요.— I went yesterday and there really were a lot of people.

그 식당, 값은 싼데 맛은 별로더군.— That restaurant is cheap, but the food wasn't great.

-구나

oh, so ... (casual realization)

아, 네가 민수 동생이구나.— Ah, so you're Minsu's younger brother.

생각보다 일이 많았구나. 고생했어.— So there was more work than expected. Good job.

-는구나[nɯnɡuna̠]

oh, you're ...-ing (casual realization, with verbs)

너 혼자 다 먹는구나!— You're eating it all by yourself!

요즘 열심히 공부하는구나. 보기 좋다.— You've been studying hard lately. Good to see.

-(으)ㄹ래요

I'd rather / I want to; do you want to ...?

저는 여기서 좀 쉴래요.— I think I'll rest here for a bit.

커피 마실래요, 아니면 차 마실래요?— Do you want coffee, or tea?

-(으)ㄹ래?

want to ...? (casual invitation)

오늘 저녁에 영화 볼래?— Want to watch a movie tonight?

저 다음 주에 이사해요. 도와줄래요?— I'm moving next week. Would you help me?

-자 (청유)

let's ... (casual)

배고프다. 밥 먼저 먹자.— I'm hungry. Let's eat first.

오늘은 여기까지 하고 내일 다시 하자.— Let's stop here for today and continue tomorrow.

-(으)ㅂ시다

let's ... (formal)

시간이 없으니까 빨리 시작합시다.— We don't have much time, so let's start quickly.

다음 회의에서 다시 이야기합시다.— Let's talk about it again at the next meeting.

-(으)십시오

please do ... (most formal command)

안전선 안쪽으로 물러나 주십시오.— Please step back behind the safety line.

이쪽으로 앉으십시오.— Please have a seat over here.

-네[ne̞]

plain-but-not-rude ending used downward by an elder

어서 오게. 오래 기다렸네.— Come on in. I've been waiting a while.

자네 말이 맞네.— You're right about that.

-나요?

soft polite question ending

혹시 지금 통화 괜찮나요?— Is now an okay time to talk?

이 버스가 시청까지 가나요?— Does this bus go to City Hall?

-(으)ㄴ가요?

polite question about a state or fact

여기서 많이 먼가요?— Is it very far from here?

이 자리 비어 있나요? 혹시 예약석인가요?— Is this seat free? Or is it reserved?

-던가요?

was it ...? (asking about the listener's own past experience)

어제 회의 분위기는 어떻던가요?— How was the mood at yesterday's meeting?

그 집 음식 맛있던가?— Was the food at that place good?

-다니[ta̠ni]

I can't believe that ...! (shock at news)

벌써 다 끝났다니, 믿을 수가 없어.— I can't believe it's already all over.

그 사람이 사장님이라니요!— He's the boss? No way!

-다면서요?

I heard that ..., is that right?

다음 달에 이사 가신다면서요?— I heard you're moving next month?

너 요즘 운동 시작했다면서?— I heard you started working out lately?

-(느)냐?

blunt casual question ending

너 지금 어디냐?— Where are you right now?

밥은 먹었냐?— Have you eaten?

-(으)ㄹ까?

shall we ...? / I wonder if ... (casual)

우리 저기 앉을까?— Shall we sit over there?

내일 비 올까? 우산 챙겨야 하나.— I wonder if it'll rain tomorrow. Maybe I should take an umbrella.

-(으)ㄹ걸요

I bet it's ... / it's probably ... (mild disagreement)

지금 가면 벌써 문 닫았을걸요.— If you go now, it'll probably already be closed.

그 영화 벌써 내렸을걸.— That movie has probably left theaters already.

-(느)ㄴ다

plain declarative ending (written style)

나는 매일 아침 여섯 시에 일어난다.— I get up at six every morning.

오늘은 하루 종일 비가 온다.— It's raining all day today.

-아라/어라

plain imperative (to a child or close friend)

늦었으니까 빨리 자라.— It's late, go to sleep.

이거 먼저 읽어라.— Read this one first.